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main() static/dynamic

From: "Luka Z. Gerzic" <stinger at drenik dot net>
To: <libc-alpha at sources dot redhat dot com>
Date: Fri, 12 Sep 2003 20:27:34 +0200
Subject: main() static/dynamic
Organization: DrenikNet
Reply-to: "Luka Z. Gerzic" <stinger at drenik dot net>

To: glibc Developers,

hi,
sorry to bother you at alpha list, about this, but I didn't have
any success in subscribing in glibc mailing lists (both bug
and hack), so I decided to ask at alpha list about this odd 
behavior (as mr. Ulrich Drepper directed me to do so).

My friend Milos Marceta and I where trying to compile some
sources both on freebsd and linux for experimental reasons,
when we found one very interesting thing about compiler &
glibc optimisation. The *bsd binaries in -static mode
where 10 times smaller then linux static binaries. We where
stunned. We then created empty program with no functions,
with only main() :

echo "int main() {}" > linux.c
gcc -o linux linux.c
gcc -static -o linux-static linux.c
strip linux-static
ls -al

And here are results from plain gcc/glibc (default install):
You will probably notice that only static version is striped.

 system        | arch. |  glibc ver.  |  dynamic  | static strip |
+--------------+-------+--------------+-----------+--------------+
 Slackware 7.1 |   x86 |    2.91.66   |    11505  |       205360 |
 Slackware 8   |   x86 |     2.95.3   |    13102  |       339360 |
 Slackware 9   |   x86 |      3.2.2   |    10960  |       413360 |
 Debian 3      |  ia64 |   ia64 3.3   |     6831  |       848600 |
 Debian 3      | alpha |     2.95.4   |     8669  |       518224 |
 Red Hat 7.2   | alpha |       2.96   |   178107  |       493464 |
 SuSe 7.1      | alpha |       2.96   |   167243  |       451560 |
 FreeBSD 4.8   |   x86 |     2.95.4   |     4180  |        12284 |
 NetBSD 1.6    |   x86 |     2.95.3   |     5737  |        12500 |
 OpenBSD 3.2   |   x86 |     2.95.3   |    25306  |        20480 |
 HP-UX B.11.11 |hppa64 |        3.2   |     8440  |       234832 |
 SunOS 5.6     | sparc |      2.8.1   |    24156  |        77364 |
 SunOS 5.8     | sparc |        3.2   |     6164  |        77312 |
+--------------+-------+--------------+-----------+--------------+


Slackware 8
Linux 2.2.25
Reading specs from /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i686-slackware-linux/2.95.3/specs
gcc version 2.95.3 20010315 (release)
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 13102 Sep 12 17:36 linux*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 339360 Sep 12 17:38 linux-static*


Slackware 9
Linux 2.4.21
Reading specs from /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i686-slackware-linux/3.2.2/specs
gcc version 3.2.2
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 10960 Sep 12 17:42 linux*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 413360 Sep 12 17:42 linux-static*


Slackware 7.1
Linux 2.2.25
Reading specs from /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i686-slackware-linux/egcs-2.91.66/specs
gcc version egcs-2.91.66 19990314/Linux (egcs-1.1.2 release)
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 11505 Sep 12 16:36 linux*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 205360 Sep 12 16:38 linux-static*


Debian GNU/Linux 3.0
Linux 2.4.18 ia64
Reading specs from /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/ia64-unknown-linux-gnu/3.3/specs
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger adm 6831 Sep 12 11:34 linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger adm 848600 Sep 12 11:34 linux-static


Debian GNU/Linux 3.0
Linux 2.4.18-smp alpha unknown
Reading specs from /usr/lib/gcc-lib/alpha-linux/2.95.4/specs
gcc version 2.95.4 20011002 (Debian prerelease)
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger adm 8669 Sep 12 11:37 linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger adm 518224 Sep 12 11:37 linux-static


RedHat Linux 7.2
Linux 2.4.9-32.5smp alpha unknown
Reading specs from /usr/lib/gcc-lib/alpha-redhat-linux/2.96/specs
gcc version 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.2 2.96-108.7.2)
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger admin 178107 Sep 12 11:41 linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger admin 493464 Sep 12 11:41 linux-static


SuSE Linux 7.1
Linux 2.2.19 alpha unknown
Reading specs from /usr/lib/gcc-lib/alpha-suse-linux/2.96/specs
gcc version 2.96 20000731 (SuSE Linux 7.1/Alpha)
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 167243 Sep 12 10:44 linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 451560 Sep 12 10:44 linux-static


FreeBSD 4.8-RELEASE
gcc version 2.95.4 20020320 [FreeBSD]
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger energy 4180 Sep 12 11:46 bsd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger energy 12284 Sep 12 11:46 bsd-static


NetBSD NetBSD 1.6 (GENERIC)
gcc version 2.95.3 20010315 (release) (NetBSD nb3)
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger admin 5737 Sep 12 11:48 bsd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger admin 12500 Sep 12 11:48 bsd-static


OpenBSD 3.2 GENERIC#25 i386
Reading specs from /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i386-unknown-openbsd3.2/2.95.3/specs
gcc version 2.95.3 20010125 (prerelease)
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 25306 Sep 12 11:49 bsd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 stinger users 20480 Sep 12 11:49 bsd-static


HP-UX B.11.11 U 9000/800 unlimited-user license
Reading specs from
/usr/local/pa20_64/lib/gcc-lib/hppa64-hp-hpux11.00/3.2/specs
gcc version 3.2 20020708 (experimental)
-rwx------ 1 stinger gost 8440 Sep 12 11:51 linux
-rwx------ 1 stinger gost 234832 Sep 12 11:51 linux-static


SunOS sun 5.8 Generic_108528-13 sun4m sparc sun4m
Reading specs from /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2/specs
gcc version 3.2
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root other 6164 Sep 12 17:01 solaris_sun4m-dinamic
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root other 77312 Sep 12 17:01 solaris_sun4m-static


SunOS sun 5.6 Generic_105181-05 sun4m sparc sun4m
Reading specs from /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.6/2.8.1/specs
gcc version 2.8.1
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root other 24156 Sep 12 14:06 solaris_dinamic
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root other 77364 Sep 12 14:06 solaris_static



Can you please give us some explanation for this? Thank you!

Best regards,
Luka Z. Gerzic

Follow-Ups:
- Re: main() static/dynamic
  - From: Roland McGrath

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