git://cygwin.com / cygwin-apps / cygutils.git / blame
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1 | .\"{{{}}} |
| 2 | .\"{{{ Title | |
| 3 | .TH LAST,LASTB 1 "Jul 29, 1999" "" "Linux System Administrator's Manual" | |
| 4 | .\"}}} | |
| 5 | .\"{{{ Name | |
| 6 | .SH NAME | |
| 7 | last, lastb \- show listing of last logged in users | |
| 8 | .\"}}} | |
| 9 | .\"{{{ Synopsis | |
| 10 | .SH SYNOPSIS | |
| 11 | .B last | |
| 12 | .RB [ \-R ] | |
| 13 | .RB [ \-\fInum\fP ] | |
| 14 | .RB "[ \-\fBn\fP \fInum\fP ]" | |
| 15 | .RB [ \-adiox ] | |
| 16 | .RB "[ \-\fBf\fP \fIfile\fP ]" | |
| 17 | .RI [ name... ] | |
| 18 | .RI [ tty... ] | |
| 19 | .br | |
| 20 | .B lastb | |
| 21 | .RB [ \-R ] | |
| 22 | .RB [ \-\fInum\fP ] | |
| 23 | .RB "[ \-\fBn\fP \fInum\fP ]" | |
| 24 | .RB "[ \-\fBf\fP \fIfile\fP ]" | |
| 25 | .RB [ \-adiox ] | |
| 26 | .RI [ name... ] | |
| 27 | .RI [ tty... ] | |
| 28 | .\"}}} | |
| 29 | .\"{{{ Description | |
| 30 | .SH DESCRIPTION | |
| 31 | .B Last | |
| 32 | searches back through the file \fB/var/log/wtmp\fP (or the file | |
| 33 | designated by the \fB\-f\fP flag) and displays a list of all | |
| 34 | users logged in (and out) since that file was created. Names of users | |
| 35 | and tty's can be given, in which case \fBlast\fP will show only those entries | |
| 36 | matching the arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus \fBlast | |
| 37 | 0\fP is the same as \fBlast tty0\fP. | |
| 38 | .PP | |
| 39 | When \fBlast\fP catches a \s-2SIGINT\s0 signal (generated by the interrupt key, | |
| 40 | usually control-C) or a \s-2SIGQUIT\s0 signal (generated by the quit key, | |
| 41 | usually control-\e), \fBlast\fP will show how far it has searched through the | |
| 42 | file; in the case of the \s-2SIGINT\s0 signal \fBlast\fP will then terminate. | |
| 43 | .PP | |
| 44 | The pseudo user \fBreboot\fP logs in each time the system is rebooted. | |
| 45 | Thus \fBlast reboot\fP will show a log of all reboots since the log file | |
| 46 | was created. | |
| 47 | .PP | |
| 48 | \fBLastb\fP is the same as \fBlast\fP, except that by default it shows a log | |
| 49 | of the file \fB/var/log/btmp\fP, which contains all the bad login attempts. | |
| 50 | .\"}}} | |
| 51 | .\"{{{ Options | |
| 52 | .SH OPTIONS | |
| 53 | .IP \fB\-\fP\fInum\fP | |
| 54 | This is a count telling \fBlast\fP how many lines to show. | |
| 55 | .IP "\fB\-n\fP \fInum\fP" | |
| 56 | The same. | |
| 57 | .IP \fB\-R\fP | |
| 58 | Suppresses the display of the hostname field. | |
| 59 | .IP \fB\-a\fP | |
| 60 | Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination | |
| 61 | with the next flag. | |
| 62 | .IP \fB\-d\fP | |
| 63 | For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote | |
| 64 | host but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number | |
| 65 | back into a hostname. | |
| 66 | .IP \fB\-i\fP | |
| 67 | This option is like \fB-d\fP in that it displays the IP number of the remote | |
| 68 | host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation. | |
| 69 | .IP \fB\-o\fP | |
| 70 | Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications). | |
| 71 | .IP \fB\-x\fP | |
| 72 | Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes. | |
| 73 | .\"}}} | |
| 74 | .SH NOTES | |
| 75 | The files \fIwtmp\fP and \fIbtmp\fP might not be found. The system only | |
| 76 | logs information in these files if they are present. This is a local | |
| 77 | configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be | |
| 78 | created with a simple \fBtouch\fP(1) command (for example, | |
| 79 | \fItouch /var/log/wtmp\fP). | |
| 80 | .\"{{{ Files | |
| 81 | .SH FILES | |
| 82 | /var/log/wtmp | |
| 83 | .br | |
| 84 | /var/log/btmp | |
| 85 | .\"}}} | |
| 86 | .\"{{{ Author | |
| 87 | .SH AUTHOR | |
| 88 | Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl | |
| 89 | .\"}}} | |
| 90 | .\"{{{ See also | |
| 91 | .SH "SEE ALSO" | |
| 92 | .BR shutdown (8), | |
| 93 | .BR login (1), | |
| 94 | .BR init (8) | |
| 95 | .\"}}} |