rand is not ISO C compliant in Cygwin

[Norton Allen]

On 11/10/2023 3:19 PM, Bruno Haible via Cygwin wrote:
> ISO C 23 § 7.24.2.1 and 7.24.2.2 document how rand() and srand() are
> expected to behave. In particular:
>    "The srand function uses the argument as a seed for a new sequence
>     of pseudo-random numbers to be returned by subsequent calls to rand.
>     If srand is then called with the same seed value, the sequence of
>     pseudo-random numbers shall be repeated. ...
>     The srand function is not required to avoid data races with other
>     calls to pseudo-random sequence generation functions. ..."
>
> The two attached programs call srand() in one thread and then rand()
> in another thread. There is no data race, since the second thread
> is only created after the call to srand() has returned. The behaviour
> in Cygwin is that the values in the second thread ignore the srand()
> call done in the first thread.

Since the standard is trying to be precise, this reads to me as though 
Cygwin/(newlib?) has chosen to avoid race conditions by making 
pseudo-random sequences in different threads independent. Although the 
standard does not require this, it does not prohibit it either.


>
> How to reproduce the bug:
>
> $ x86_64-pc-cygwin-gcc -Wall rand-in-posix-thread.c
> $ ./a
>
> or
>
> $ x86_64-pc-cygwin-gcc -Wall rand-in-isoc-thread.c
> $ ./a
>
> Expected output:
>
> Value from main thread:     1583559764
> Value from separate thread: 1583559764
>
> Actual output:
>
> Value from main thread:     1583559764
> Value from separate thread: 1481765933
>
>